Articles: Costs

Costs

Google runs AI in orbit. Can it run a data center there?

A Google satellite has returned a Gemma 4 response. Beyond the haiku, Suncatcher tests the power, cooling and communications needed to keep computing in space.

9 min read
  • Google
  • Suncatcher
  • TPU
  • Data centers

Costs

LLM inference cost: when can a GPU beat an API?

Calculate API and self-hosted inference costs with a fixed quality target, input/output mix, full operating cost and a server capacity check.

4 min read
  • Inference cost
  • GPU cloud
  • LLM APIs
  • Self-hosting

Costs

MLPerf Endpoints: can inference providers finally be compared?

MLPerf Endpoints measures an inference service through its API at several load levels. Version 0.7 finally traces the curve between throughput, TTFT, TPOT and quality, but it does not normalize cost yet.

12 min read
  • MLPerf
  • LLM Inference
  • Benchmark
  • TTFT

Costs

What stops a driving model from crossing a border

A driving model is a function of its data distribution. But the cost of moving it is not where intuition puts it: perception recalibrates for almost nothing, behaviour does not, and validation dominates everything. The entry price for a market is a simulation bill.

20 min read
  • Autonomous driving
  • Validation
  • Simulation
  • UNECE

Costs

Stargate, Spud and subscriptions: the compute lever behind OpenAI's comeback

10 gigawatts 'secured years ahead of schedule', 0.3 gigawatt plugged in at Abilene. Behind OpenAI's comeback in AI coding, a compute bet that must be read in three states: the secured, the built, the plugged-in. And a subscription economics that agents cracked open.

19 min read
  • Stargate
  • OpenAI
  • Compute
  • Datacenter

Costs

GPT-5.6 and the Codex merger: anatomy of OpenAI's comeback

On July 8, 2026, OpenAI disavowed the reference benchmark for agentic coding. On the 9th, it merged Codex into the ChatGPT app and launched GPT-5.6. Behind the sequence, a comeback that turns less on intelligence than on prices, subscriptions and the harness.

19 min read
  • GPT-5.6
  • Codex
  • Claude Code
  • OpenAI